GC-MS Evaluation of Essential Oil Constituents from Rosa Damascena Wild Rose: Effect of Season and Climatic Conditions

Abstract

The present study describes the extraction and identification of essential oil constituents from Rosa damascena wild rose as well as effect of season and climatic conditions of selected regions (KPK, Pakistan). Essential oil constituents were extracted using Steam distillation (SD) method, whereas the analysis of the extracted components were carried out using GC coupled with MS. A total of seven oil components namely; o-cymene, d-limonene, (R)-(+)-citronellal, n-heneicosane, eugenol methyl ether, p-menth-1-en-8-ol and eucalyptol were extracted and quantified. GC-MS analysis indicated that the Rosa Damascena Mill contains several important volatile constituents i.e. (R)- (+)-citronellal, o-cymene, d-limonene, eucalyptol, p-menth-1-en-8-ol, eugenol methyl ether and nheneicosane
with extraction yield 3.8% to 91.9%. Seasonal effect investigation indicated that spring season showed high essential oil yield as compare to summer and winter. The chemical composition of volatile components analyzed in the essential oil, extracted from rose petals collected from Bannu and Peshawar in spring indicates high concentration of all components in Bannu petals as compared to Peshawar. Present research indicated that the geographical distribution and seasonal variation highly affect the essential oil constituents in Rosa damascena wild rose.