Phytochemical Analysis and Antibacterial Activities of Tamarix dioica Extracts

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of phytochemical analysis and the
antibacterial activity of extracts of stem, flowers and leaves of Tamarix dioica Roxb. ex Roth.
Four solvents namely, diethyl ether, ethyl acetate, methanol and acetone were selected to obtain
extracts from different parts of the plant. The organic solvent extracts were investigated for
phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity against two bacterial strains, namely Escherichia
coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The result of phytochemicals revealed the presence of various
constituents, such as phlobatannins, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, phenols, proteins, terpenoids,
flavonoids and steroids by using standard procedures. Most of these components were present in
methanol and ethyl acetate extract. Therefore, four out of two extracts, such as methanol and ethyl
acetate extracts from stems, flowers, and leaves, were used to test their evidence of antibacterial
activity. From this, it was observed that the methanol extracts of stem, flowers and leaves of T.
dioica were highly effective together with E. coli and S. aureus with a minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) value of 500 μg/mL. Considering that the ethyl acetate (EA) extracts from
the stem, flowers and leaves of T. dioica were examined to be ineffective against E. coli and S.
aureus and MIC values were not observed in two strains of bacteria.