Green Synthesis of ZnO Nanostructures and Their Antibacterial Activity Against Catfish Pathogen

Abstract

Due to its antibacterial activity against clinical bacterial pathogens at the time of tissue
development, zinc oxide (ZnO) is considered one of the most important metal oxide
nanostructured materials. In this study, ZnO nanostructures were prepared using Aloe vera gel
juice, which is easy, inexpensive, and ecofriendly. The nanostructures of ZnO were characterized
using a variety of analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier
transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and dynamic light scattering
(DLS). As a result of the XRD study, the hexagonal phase of ZnO with the structure of wurtzite
has been identified. ZnO material with high heterogeneity morphology has been observed by SEM
analysis. As-prepared ZnO nanostructures were tested for their antibacterial activity against the
newly discovered pathogen of catfish. A ZnO sample prepared with a high concentration of Aloe
vera gel possessed an inhibition zone of 13.21±0.04 mm, whereas a ZnO sample prepared with a
low concentration of Aloe vera juice had an inhibition zone of 6.23±0.02 mm and a pure ZnO
sample had an inhibition zone of 3.31±0.03 mm. Furthermore, we examined the effectiveness of
the ZnO nanostructures on bacterial strains based on the type of nanoparticles applied to the
commercial strains. In addition to their modified surface properties, small particle size, and highly
toxic effects for the killingof bacterial cell growth, the Aloe vera juice assisted ZnO nanostructures
demonstrated excellent antibacterial activity against the catfish pathogens